Problem 203
Medium Roots and Binomials

Evaluate the integral: I = integral dx/(sqrt(-2x²+5x-2))

Evaluate the integral: $$ I = \int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{-2x^2+5x-2}}. $$

Explanation of Method

Completing the square converts the radical into the standard $\sqrt{a^2-u^2}$ form, resolved directly by the arcsine formula.

  1. Factor out $-2$ and complete the square.
  2. Substitute $u=x-\tfrac54$.
  3. Apply the standard formula $\int du/\sqrt{a^2-u^2}=\arcsin(u/a)$.
  4. Substitute back and simplify.

Step 1 · Complete the square

$$ -2x^2+5x-2 = -2\left(x^2-\frac52x+1\right) = -2\left[\left(x-\frac54\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right] = \frac98 - 2\left(x-\frac54\right)^2. $$

So:

$$ \sqrt{-2x^2+5x-2} = \sqrt2\,\sqrt{\frac{9}{16}-\left(x-\frac54\right)^2}. $$

Step 2 · Substitute

Let $u=x-\tfrac54$, $du=dx$, $a=\tfrac34$:

$$ I = \frac{1}{\sqrt2}\int \frac{du}{\sqrt{a^2-u^2}}. $$

Step 3 · Apply the standard arcsine formula

$$ I = \frac{1}{\sqrt2}\arcsin\frac ua + C = \frac{1}{\sqrt2}\arcsin\left(\frac{4u}{3}\right) + C. $$

Step 4 · Substitute back

With $u=x-\tfrac54$, so $4u=4x-5$:

$$ I = \frac{1}{\sqrt2}\arcsin\left(\frac{4x-5}{3}\right) + C = \frac{\sqrt2}{2}\arcsin\left(\frac{4x-5}{3}\right) + C. $$


Summary Table

Quantity Value
Completed square$\tfrac98-2(x-\tfrac54)^2$
$u,\,a$$x-\tfrac54,\ \tfrac34$
Domain$\tfrac12\leq x\leq2$

Additional Notes

Result

The solution to the integral is:

$$ I = \frac{\sqrt2}{2}\arcsin\left(\frac{4x-5}{3}\right) + C. $$