Problem 54
Easy Differentiation Techniques

Find y' for y = arcsin x + arccos x

Find $y'$ for $y = \arcsin x + \arccos x$.

Explanation of Method

Two derivatives that cancel, revealing a hidden identity.

Step 1: Recall the standard derivatives

\[ (\arcsin x)' = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}, \qquad (\arccos x)' = -\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}, \qquad |x| \lt 1. \]

The two differ only in sign, because $\arcsin$ increases exactly as fast as $\arccos$ decreases.

Step 2: Differentiate term by term

\[ y' = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} + \left(-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}\right) = 0. \]

Step 3: Verification

A function with zero derivative on an interval is constant there, so $y$ must be a constant — and evaluating at a convenient point identifies it: \[x = 0:\quad y = \arcsin 0 + \arccos 0 = 0 + \frac{\pi}{2} = \frac{\pi}{2}\]

\[x = \tfrac12:\quad y = \frac{\pi}{6} + \frac{\pi}{3} = \frac{\pi}{2} \;\;\checkmark\]

This recovers the classical identity

\[ \arcsin x + \arccos x = \frac{\pi}{2}, \qquad x \in [-1,\,1]. \]


Result

Final answer:

\[\boxed{\,y' = 0, \qquad |x| < 1\,}\]

Remark

Remark. The identity itself holds on the closed interval $[-1,1]$, but the derivative computation is valid only on the open interval $(-1,1)$: at the endpoints $x = \pm 1$ both derivatives become infinite, though their sum remains constant. This is a good illustration of differentiation as a tool for proving identities: show the derivative vanishes, then pin down the constant at one point.